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Missak Manouchian
Missak Manouchian (classical (アルメニア語:Միսաք Մանուշեան); , 1 September 1906 – 21 February 1944) was a French-Armenian poet and communist activist. An Armenian Genocide survivor, he moved to France from an orphanage in Lebanon in 1925.〔 He was active in communist Armenian literary circles.〔 During World War II, he became the military commissioner of FTP-MOI, a group consisting of European immigrants, including many Jews,〔〔 in the Paris region who carried out assassinations and bombings of Nazi targets.〔 According to one author, the Manouchian group was the most active group during the French Resistance. Manouchian and many of his comrades were arrested in November 1943 and executed by the Nazis in Fort Mont-Valérien on 21 February 1944. He is widely considered a hero of the French Resistance.
==Early life==
Manouchian was born on 1 September 1906 in Adıyaman, in Mamuret-ul-Aziz Vilayet, Ottoman Empire into an Armenian peasant family.〔 His parents were killed during the Armenian Genocide of 1915, but he and his brother managed to survive.〔〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://lafficherouge.skyrock.com/2839032862-Missak-Manouchian-le-Chef.html )〕 In the early 1920s he settled in an Armenian General Benevolent Union-run orphanage in Jounieh, Lebanon, then a French protectorate. He acquired education there and in 1925 moved to France.〔〔
Eventually, Manouchian settled in Paris, where he took a job as a lathe operator at a Citroën plant. During this period he self-educated himself and often visited libraries in the Latin Quarter.〔 He joined the General Confederation of Labour (''Confédération Générale du Travail'', CGT), a national association of trade unions was the first of the five major French confederations. In the early 1930s, when the world-wide economic crisis of the Great Depression set in, Missak Manouchian lost his job. Disaffected with capitalism, he began earning a meager living by posing as a model for sculptors.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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